Data-aided frequency estimation for PSK signaling in frequency-selective fading

A new data-aided frequency estimator is introduced for phase-shift keying signals transmitted over frequency-selective fading channels. This estimator is developed based on a maximum likelihood criterion. It assumes the use of a special class of pilots, called near-i.i.d. (independent identically distributed) sequences, with impulsive fourth-order moments. By the help of such pilots, the proposed method can estimate frequency offsets without the need for channel information. The pilots of GSM and IS-136 mobile communication systems have been observed as are near-i.i.d., and statistical analysis indicates that the proposed estimate is almost unbiased if the pilot is near-i.i.d. The advantage of the proposed estimator over conventional methods is demonstrated via computer simulation.